Maintenance fluid calculator paediatrics1/10/2024 ![]() ![]() These are very important in neonates and are added to the bag manually. Small or premature infants require more fluids due to higher insensible losses (extra 20ml/kg/day if 1.5kg daily. ![]() The formula above still applies – work out their total daily requirement first, then dived by 24 to get the hourly infusion rate. The fluid type that is usually used for maintenance is 500ml 0.9% saline + 5% dextrose with 10mmol KCl (all in the same bag) – there are different concentrations of potassium available if required Potassium = 1-2mmol/kg/day (but the fluid type below (500ml bag with 10mmol KCl) at the rate above will give the right amount of potassium in most cases) Fluid type Sodium = 2-4mmol/kg/day (but this ‘requirement’ of sodium is ignored because it was based on a study involving healthy, overweight American children with high-salt diets 0.9% saline+5% dextrose has now been proven to be the safest maintenance fluid in hospitalised children) Rate (ml/h) = total daily requirement ÷ 24Įxample: a 27kg child’s maintenance requirements would be: Total daily fluid requirements (over 24 hours) Maintenance fluids in children (except neonates) Fluid requirements All paediatric fluid bags come in 500ml volumes as standard.Anyone on prolonged IV fluids should have an accurate fluid balance chart, regular weights and regular electrolytes.Dehydration fluids are required if there is an existing fluid deficit.Maintenance fluids are required if a patient is nil by mouth (full maintenance) or not drinking enough (‘% of maintenance’ depending on intake).The two reasons for IV fluids should be thought about separately.Intravenous fluids can be especially dangerous in children, and oral rehydration solution orally or via nasogastric route should be used wherever possible.Maintenance fluids in children (except neonates). ![]()
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